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Chapter 19
Cities of Refuge
1
When the LORD your God has cut off the nations whose land He… is giving you, and when you have driven them out and settled in their cities and houses,
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 1
XIXτὴν γῆν, καὶ κατακληρονομήσητε αὐτούς, καὶ κατοικήσητε ἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν αὐτῶν καὶ ἐν τοῖς οἴκοις αὐτῶν,
𐤊𐤉 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤊 𐤀𐤕 𐤉𐤊𐤓𐤉𐤕 𐤄𐤂𐤅𐤉𐤌 𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤀𐤓𐤑𐤌 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤊 𐤍𐤕𐤍 𐤋𐤊 𐤀𐤕 𐤅𐤉𐤓𐤔𐤕𐤌 𐤅𐤉𐤔𐤁𐤕 𐤁𐤏𐤓𐤉𐤄𐤌 𐤅𐤁𐤁𐤕𐤉𐤄𐤌
כִּֽי־ יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֶת־ יַכְרִ֞ית הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר֙ אַרְצָ֑ם יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לְךָ֖ אֶת־ וִֽירִשְׁתָּ֕ם וְיָשַׁבְתָּ֥ בְעָרֵיהֶ֖ם וּבְבָתֵּיהֶֽם׃ kî- Yah·weh ’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā ’eṯ- yaḵ·rîṯ hag·gō·w·yim ’ă·šer ’ar·ṣām Yah·weh ’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā nō·ṯên lə·ḵā ’eṯ- wî·riš·tām wə·yā·šaḇ·tā ḇə·‘ā·rê·hem ū·ḇə·ḇāt·tê·hem — 1008 CE · → chapter · 1
2
then you are to set apart for yourselves three cities within the land that the LORD your God is giving you to possess.
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 2
τρεῖς πόλεις διαστελεῖς σεαυτῷ ἐν μέσῳ τῆς γῆς σου ἧς Κύριος
𐤕𐤁𐤃𐤉𐤋 𐤋𐤊 𐤔𐤋𐤅𐤔 𐤏𐤓𐤉𐤌 𐤁𐤕𐤅𐤊 𐤀𐤓𐤑𐤊 𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤊 𐤍𐤕𐤍 𐤋𐤊 𐤋𐤓𐤔𐤕𐤄
תַּבְדִּ֣יל לָ֑ךְ שָׁל֥וֹשׁ עָרִ֖ים בְּת֣וֹךְ אַרְצְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁר֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לְךָ֖ לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃ taḇ·dîl lāḵ šā·lō·wōš ‘ā·rîm bə·ṯō·wḵ ’ar·ṣə·ḵā ’ă·šer Yah·weh ’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā nō·ṯên lə·ḵā lə·riš·tāh — 1008 CE · → chapter · 2
3
You are to build roads for yourselves and divide into three regions - the land that the LORD your God… is giving you as an inheritance, so that any manslayer can flee to these cities.
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 3
στόχασαί σοι τὴν ὁδόν· καὶ τριμεριεῖς τὰ ὅρια τῆς γῆς σου ἢν καταμερίζει σοι κύριος ὁ θεός σου, καὶ ἔσται καταφυγὴ ἐκεῖ παντὶ φονευτῇ.
𐤕𐤊𐤉𐤍 𐤄𐤃𐤓𐤊 𐤋𐤊 𐤅𐤔𐤋𐤔𐤕 𐤀𐤕 𐤂𐤁𐤅𐤋 𐤀𐤓𐤑𐤊 𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤊 𐤅𐤄𐤉𐤄 𐤉𐤍𐤇𐤉𐤋𐤊 𐤊𐤋 𐤓𐤑𐤇 𐤋𐤍𐤅𐤎 𐤔𐤌𐤄
תָּכִ֣ין הַדֶּרֶךְ֒ לְךָ֮ וְשִׁלַּשְׁתָּ֙ אֶת־ גְּב֣וּל אַרְצְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ וְהָיָ֕ה יַנְחִֽילְךָ֖ כָּל־ רֹצֵֽחַ׃ לָנ֥וּס שָׁ֖מָּה tā·ḵîn had·de·reḵ lə·ḵā wə·šil·laš·tā ’eṯ- gə·ḇūl ’ar·ṣə·ḵā ’ă·šer Yah·weh ’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā wə·hā·yāh yan·ḥî·lə·ḵā kāl- rō·ṣê·aḥ lā·nūs šām·māh — 1008 CE · → chapter · 3
4
Now this is the situation regarding the manslayer who flees [to one of these cities] to save his life, having killed his neighbor accidentally…,… without intending to harm him -:
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 4
τοῦτο δὲ ἔσται τὸ πρόσταγμα τοῦ φονευτοῦ ὃς ἂν φύγῃ ἐκεῖ καὶ ζήσεται· ὃς ἂν πατάξῃ τὸν πλησίον αὐτοῦ οὐκ εἰδώς, καὶ οὗτος οὐ μισῶν αὐτὸν πρὸ τῆς ἐχθὲς καὶ τρίτης.
𐤅𐤆𐤄 𐤃𐤁𐤓 𐤄𐤓𐤑𐤇 𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤉𐤍𐤅𐤎 𐤔𐤌𐤄 𐤅𐤇𐤉 𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤉𐤊𐤄 𐤀𐤕 𐤓𐤏𐤄𐤅 𐤁𐤁𐤋𐤉 𐤃𐤏𐤕 𐤅𐤄𐤅𐤀 𐤋𐤀 𐤔𐤍𐤀 𐤋𐤅 𐤌𐤕𐤌𐤋 𐤔𐤋𐤔𐤌
וְזֶה֙ דְּבַ֣ר הָרֹצֵ֔חַ אֲשֶׁר־ יָנ֥וּס שָׁ֖מָּה וָחָ֑י אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַכֶּ֤ה אֶת־ רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ בִּבְלִי־ דַ֔עַת וְה֛וּא לֹא־ שֹׂנֵ֥א ל֖וֹ מִתְּמֹ֥ל שִׁלְשֹֽׁם׃ wə·zeh də·ḇar hā·rō·ṣê·aḥ ’ă·šer- yā·nūs šām·māh wā·ḥāy ’ă·šer yak·keh ’eṯ- rê·‘ê·hū biḇ·lî- ḏa·‘aṯ wə·hū lō- śō·nê lōw mit·tə·mōl šil·šōm — 1008 CE · → chapter · 4
5
If he goes into the forest with his neighbor to cut timber vvv and swings his axe to chop down a tree, but the blade flies off… the handle and strikes and kills his neighbor, he may flee to one of these cities to save his life.
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 5
καὶ ὃς ἂν εἰσέλθῃ μετὰ τοῦ πλησίον εἰς τὸν δρυμὸν συναγαγεῖν ξύλα, καὶ ἐκκρουσθῇ ἡ χεὶρ αὐτοῦ τῇ ἀξίνῃ κόπτοντος τὸ ξύλον, καὶ ἐκπεσὸν τὸ σιδήριον ἀπὸ τοῦ ξύλου τύχῃ τοῦ πλησίον, καὶ ἀποθάνῃ, οὗτος καταφεύξεται εἰς μίαν τῶν πόλεων τούτων καὶ ζήσεται·
𐤅𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤉𐤁𐤀 𐤁𐤉𐤏𐤓 𐤀𐤕 𐤓𐤏𐤄𐤅 𐤋𐤇𐤈𐤁 𐤏𐤑𐤉𐤌 𐤉𐤃𐤅 𐤅𐤍𐤃𐤇𐤄 𐤁𐤂𐤓𐤆𐤍 𐤋𐤊𐤓𐤕 𐤄𐤏𐤑 𐤅𐤍𐤔𐤋 𐤄𐤁𐤓𐤆𐤋 𐤌𐤍 𐤄𐤏𐤑 𐤅𐤌𐤑𐤀 𐤀𐤕 𐤅𐤌𐤕 𐤓𐤏𐤄𐤅 𐤄𐤅𐤀 𐤉𐤍𐤅𐤎 𐤀𐤋 𐤀𐤇𐤕 𐤄𐤀𐤋𐤄 𐤄𐤏𐤓𐤉𐤌 𐤅𐤇𐤉
וַאֲשֶׁר֩ יָבֹ֨א בַיַּעַר֮ אֶת־ רֵעֵ֥הוּ לַחְטֹ֣ב עֵצִים֒ יָד֤וֹ וְנִדְּחָ֨ה בַגַּרְזֶן֙ לִכְרֹ֣ת הָעֵ֔ץ וְנָשַׁ֤ל הַבַּרְזֶל֙ מִן־ הָעֵ֔ץ וּמָצָ֥א אֶת־ וָמֵ֑ת רֵעֵ֖הוּ ה֗וּא יָנ֛וּס אֶל־ אַחַ֥ת הָאֵ֖לֶּה הֶעָרִים־ וָחָֽי׃ wa·’ă·šer yā·ḇō ḇay·ya·‘ar ’eṯ- rê·‘ê·hū laḥ·ṭōḇ ‘ê·ṣîm yā·ḏōw wə·nid·də·ḥāh ḇag·gar·zen liḵ·rōṯ hā·‘êṣ wə·nā·šal hab·bar·zel min- hā·‘êṣ ū·mā·ṣā ’eṯ- wā·mêṯ rê·‘ê·hū hū yā·nūs ’el- ’a·ḥaṯ hā·’êl·leh he·‘ā·rîm- wā·ḥāy — 1008 CE · → chapter · 5
6
Otherwise, the avenger of blood might pursue the manslayer in a rage -, overtake him if the distance is great, and strike him dead though he did not deserve to die, since he did not intend any harm…
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 6
ἵνα μὴ διώξας ὁ ἀγχιστεύων τοῦ αἵματος ὀπίσω τοῦ φονεύσαντος, ὅτι παρατεθέρμανται τῇ καρδίᾳ, καὶ καταλάβῃ αὐτόν, ἐὰν μακροτέρα ἦν ἡ ὁδός, καὶ πατάξῃ αὐτοῦ ψυχήν· καὶ τούτῳ οὐκ ἔστιν κρίσις θανάτου, ὅτι οὐ μισῶν ἦν αὐτὸν πρὸ τῆς ἐχθὲς οὐδὲ πρὸ τῆς τρίτης.
𐤐𐤍 𐤂𐤀𐤋 𐤄𐤃𐤌 𐤉𐤓𐤃𐤐 𐤄𐤓𐤑𐤇 𐤀𐤇𐤓𐤉 𐤋𐤁𐤁𐤅 𐤊𐤉 𐤉𐤇𐤌 𐤅𐤄𐤔𐤉𐤂𐤅 𐤊𐤉 𐤄𐤃𐤓𐤊 𐤉𐤓𐤁𐤄 𐤅𐤄𐤊𐤄𐤅 𐤍𐤐𐤔 𐤅𐤋𐤅 𐤀𐤉𐤍 𐤌𐤔𐤐𐤈 𐤌𐤅𐤕 𐤊𐤉 𐤄𐤅𐤀 𐤋𐤅 𐤋𐤀 𐤔𐤍𐤀 𐤌𐤕𐤌𐤅𐤋 𐤔𐤋𐤔𐤅𐤌
פֶּן־ גֹּאֵ֨ל הַדָּ֜ם יִרְדֹּף֩ הָרֹצֵ֗חַ אַחֲרֵ֣י לְבָבוֹ֒ כִּי־ יֵחַם֮ וְהִשִּׂיג֛וֹ כִּֽי־ הַדֶּ֖רֶךְ יִרְבֶּ֥ה וְהִכָּ֣הוּ נָ֑פֶשׁ וְלוֹ֙ אֵ֣ין מִשְׁפַּט־ מָ֔וֶת כִּ֠י ה֛וּא ל֖וֹ לֹ֣א שֹׂנֵ֥א מִתְּמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃ pen- gō·’êl had·dām yir·dōp̄ hā·rō·ṣê·aḥ ’a·ḥă·rê lə·ḇā·ḇōw kî- yê·ḥam wə·hiś·śî·ḡōw kî- had·de·reḵ yir·beh wə·hik·kā·hū nā·p̄eš wə·lōw ’ên miš·paṭ- mā·weṯ kî hū lōw lō śō·nê mit·tə·mō·wl šil·šō·wm — 1008 CE · → chapter · 6
7
This is why… I am commanding… you to set apart for yourselves three cities.
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 7
διὰ τοῦτο ἐγὼ ἐντέλλομαί σοι τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο λέγων Τρεῖς πόλεις διαστελεῖς σεαυτῷ.
𐤏𐤋 𐤊𐤍 𐤀𐤍𐤊𐤉 𐤌𐤑𐤅𐤊 𐤋𐤀𐤌𐤓 𐤕𐤁𐤃𐤉𐤋 𐤋𐤊𐤎 𐤔𐤋𐤔 𐤏𐤓𐤉𐤌
עַל־ כֵּ֛ן אָנֹכִ֥י מְצַוְּךָ֖ לֵאמֹ֑ר תַּבְדִּ֥יל לָֽךְ׃ס שָׁלֹ֥שׁ עָרִ֖ים ‘al- kên ’ā·nō·ḵî mə·ṣaw·wə·ḵā lê·mōr taḇ·dîl lāḵ šā·lōš ‘ā·rîm — 1008 CE · → chapter · 7
8
And if the LORD your God enlarges your territory, as He swore to your fathers, and gives you all the land He promised… them,
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 8
ἐὰν δὲ ἐμπλατύνῃ Κύριος ὁ θεός σου τὰ ὅριά σου ὃν τρόπον ὤμοσεν τοῖς πατράσιν σου, καὶ δῷ σοι κύριος πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν ἣν εἶπεν δοῦναι τοῖς πατράσιν σου,
𐤅𐤀𐤌 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤊 𐤀𐤕 𐤉𐤓𐤇𐤉𐤁 𐤂𐤁𐤋𐤊 𐤊𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤍𐤔𐤁𐤏 𐤋𐤀𐤁𐤕𐤉𐤊 𐤅𐤍𐤕𐤍 𐤋𐤊 𐤀𐤕 𐤊𐤋 𐤄𐤀𐤓𐤑 𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤃𐤁𐤓 𐤋𐤕𐤕 𐤋𐤀𐤁𐤕𐤉𐤊
וְאִם־ יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֶת־ יַרְחִ֞יב גְּבֻ֣לְךָ֔ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר נִשְׁבַּ֖ע לַאֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ וְנָ֤תַן לְךָ֙ אֶת־ כָּל־ הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבֶּ֖ר לָתֵ֥ת לַאֲבֹתֶֽיךָ׃ wə·’im- Yah·weh ’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā ’eṯ- yar·ḥîḇ gə·ḇul·ḵā ka·’ă·šer niš·ba‘ la·’ă·ḇō·ṯe·ḵā wə·nā·ṯan lə·ḵā ’eṯ- kāl- hā·’ā·reṣ ’ă·šer dib·ber lā·ṯêṯ la·’ă·ḇō·ṯe·ḵā — 1008 CE · → chapter · 8
9
and if you carefully keep - all these commandments I am giving you today, loving the LORD your God and walking in His ways at all times…, then you are to add three more cities to these three.
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 9
ἐὰν ἀκούσῃς ποιεῖν πόσας τὰς ἐντολὰς ταύτας ἃς ἐγὼ ἐντέλλομαί σοι σήμερον, ἀγαπᾷν κύριον τὸν θεόν σου, πορεύεσθαι ἐν πάσαις ταῖς ὁδοῖς αὐτοῦ πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας· καὶ προσθήσεις σαυτῷ ἔτι τρεῖς πόλεις πρὸς τὰς τρεῖς ταύτας·
𐤊𐤉 𐤕𐤔𐤌𐤓 𐤀𐤕 𐤋𐤏𐤔𐤕𐤄 𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤊𐤋 𐤄𐤆𐤀𐤕 𐤄𐤌𐤑𐤅𐤄 𐤀𐤍𐤊𐤉 𐤌𐤑𐤅𐤊 𐤄𐤉𐤅𐤌 𐤋𐤀𐤄𐤁𐤄 𐤀𐤕 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤊 𐤅𐤋𐤋𐤊𐤕 𐤁𐤃𐤓𐤊𐤉𐤅 𐤊𐤋 𐤄𐤉𐤌𐤉𐤌 𐤅𐤉𐤎𐤐𐤕 𐤋𐤊 𐤔𐤋𐤔 𐤏𐤅𐤃 𐤏𐤓𐤉𐤌 𐤏𐤋 𐤄𐤀𐤋𐤄 𐤄𐤔𐤋𐤔
כִּֽי־ תִשְׁמֹר֩ אֶת־ לַעֲשֹׂתָ֗הּ אֲשֶׁ֨ר כָּל־ הַזֹּ֜את הַמִּצְוָ֨ה אָנֹכִ֣י מְצַוְּךָ֮ הַיּוֹם֒ לְאַהֲבָ֞ה אֶת־ יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ וְלָלֶ֥כֶת בִּדְרָכָ֖יו כָּל־ הַיָּמִ֑ים וְיָסַפְתָּ֨ לְךָ֥ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ עוֹד֙ עָרִ֔ים עַ֖ל הָאֵֽלֶּה׃ הַשָּׁלֹ֥שׁ kî- ṯiš·mōr ’eṯ- la·‘ă·śō·ṯāh ’ă·šer kāl- haz·zōṯ ham·miṣ·wāh ’ā·nō·ḵî mə·ṣaw·wə·ḵā hay·yō·wm lə·’a·hă·ḇāh ’eṯ- Yah·weh ’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā wə·lā·le·ḵeṯ biḏ·rā·ḵāw kāl- hay·yā·mîm wə·yā·sap̄·tā lə·ḵā šā·lōš ‘ō·wḏ ‘ā·rîm ‘al hā·’êl·leh haš·šā·lōš — 1008 CE · → chapter · 9
10
Thus innocent blood will not be shed in the land that the LORD your God is giving you [as] an inheritance, so that you will not be… guilty of bloodshed.
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 10
καὶ κα οὐκ ἐκχυθήσεται αἷμα ἀναίτιον ἐν τῆ γῇ ᾗ κύριος ὁ θεός σου δίδωσίν σοι ἐν κλήρῳ, καὶ οὐκ ἔσται ἐν σοὶ αἵματι ἔνοχος.
𐤍𐤒𐤉 𐤃𐤌 𐤅𐤋𐤀 𐤉𐤔𐤐𐤊 𐤁𐤒𐤓𐤁 𐤀𐤓𐤑𐤊 𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤊 𐤍𐤕𐤍 𐤋𐤊 𐤍𐤇𐤋𐤄 𐤅𐤄𐤉𐤄 𐤏𐤋𐤉𐤊 𐤃𐤌𐤉𐤌𐤎
נָקִ֔י דָּ֣ם וְלֹ֤א יִשָּׁפֵךְ֙ בְּקֶ֣רֶב אַרְצְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁר֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לְךָ֖ נַחֲלָ֑ה וְהָיָ֥ה עָלֶ֖יךָ דָּמִֽים׃ס nā·qî dām wə·lō yiš·šā·p̄êḵ bə·qe·reḇ ’ar·ṣə·ḵā ’ă·šer Yah·weh ’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā nō·ṯên lə·ḵā na·ḥă·lāh wə·hā·yāh ‘ā·le·ḵā dā·mîm — 1008 CE · → chapter · 10
11
If, however,… a man hates his neighbor and lies in wait attacks him and kills him…, and then flees to one of these cities,
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 11
ἐὰν δὲ γένηται ἐν σοὶ ἄνθρωπος ῥῶπος μισῶν τὸν πλησίον, καὶ ἐνεδρεύσῃ αὐτὸν καὶ ἐπαναστῇ ἐπ’ αὐτὸν καὶ πατάξῃ αὐτοῦ ψυχήν, καὶ ἀποθάνῃ, καὶ φύγῃ εἰς μίαν τῶν πόλεων τούτων.
𐤅𐤊𐤉 𐤉𐤄𐤉𐤄 𐤀𐤉𐤔 𐤔𐤍𐤀 𐤋𐤓𐤏𐤄𐤅 𐤅𐤀𐤓𐤁 𐤋𐤅 𐤅𐤒𐤌 𐤏𐤋𐤉𐤅 𐤅𐤄𐤊𐤄𐤅 𐤍𐤐𐤔 𐤅𐤌𐤕 𐤅𐤍𐤎 𐤀𐤋 𐤀𐤇𐤕 𐤄𐤀𐤋 𐤄𐤏𐤓𐤉𐤌
וְכִֽי־ יִהְיֶ֥ה אִישׁ֙ שֹׂנֵ֣א לְרֵעֵ֔הוּ וְאָ֤רַב לוֹ֙ וְקָ֣ם עָלָ֔יו וְהִכָּ֥הוּ נֶ֖פֶשׁ וָמֵ֑ת וְנָ֕ס אֶל־ אַחַ֖ת הָאֵֽל׃ הֶעָרִ֥ים wə·ḵî- yih·yeh ’îš śō·nê lə·rê·‘ê·hū wə·’ā·raḇ lōw wə·qām ‘ā·lāw wə·hik·kā·hū ne·p̄eš wā·mêṯ wə·nās ’el- ’a·ḥaṯ hā·’êl he·‘ā·rîm — 1008 CE · → chapter · 11
12
the elders of his city must send for him, bring him back, and hand him over to - the avenger of blood to die.
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 12
καὶ ἀποστελοῦσιν ἡ γερουσία τῆς πόλεως αὐτοῦ κα λῆμ’· ψονται αὐτὸν ἐκεῖθεν, καὶ παραδώσουσιν αὐτὸν εἰς χεῖρας τῶν ἀγχιστευόντων τοῦ αἵματος, καὶ ἀποθανεῖται·
𐤆𐤒𐤍𐤉 𐤏𐤉𐤓𐤅 𐤅𐤔𐤋𐤇𐤅 𐤅𐤋𐤒𐤇𐤅 𐤀𐤕𐤅 𐤌𐤔𐤌 𐤅𐤍𐤕𐤍𐤅 𐤀𐤕𐤅 𐤁𐤉𐤃 𐤂𐤀𐤋 𐤄𐤃𐤌 𐤅𐤌𐤕
זִקְנֵ֣י עִיר֔וֹ וְשָֽׁלְחוּ֙ וְלָקְח֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ מִשָּׁ֑ם וְנָתְנ֣וּ אֹת֗וֹ בְּיַ֛ד גֹּאֵ֥ל הַדָּ֖ם וָמֵֽת׃ ziq·nê ‘î·rōw wə·šā·lə·ḥū wə·lā·qə·ḥū ’ō·ṯōw miš·šām wə·nā·ṯə·nū ’ō·ṯōw bə·yaḏ gō·’êl had·dām wā·mêṯ — 1008 CE · → chapter · 12
13
vvv You must show him no pity… You are to purge from Israel the guilt of shedding innocent blood, that it may go well with you.
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 13
οὐ φείσεται ὁ ὀφθαλμός σου ἐπ’ αὐτῶ, καὶ καθαριεῖς τὸ αἷμα τὸ ἀναίτιον ἐξ Ἰσραήλ, καὶ εὖ σοι ἱστᾶι.
𐤋𐤀 𐤕𐤇𐤅𐤎 𐤏𐤋𐤉𐤅 𐤏𐤉𐤍𐤊 𐤅𐤁𐤏𐤓𐤕 𐤌𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 𐤄𐤍𐤒𐤉 𐤃𐤌 𐤅𐤈𐤅𐤁 𐤋𐤊𐤎
לֹא־ תָח֥וֹס עָלָ֑יו עֵֽינְךָ֖ וּבִֽעַרְתָּ֧ מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הַנָּקִ֛י דַֽם־ וְט֥וֹב לָֽךְ׃ס lō- ṯā·ḥō·ws ‘ā·lāw ‘ê·nə·ḵā ū·ḇi·‘ar·tā mî·yiś·rā·’êl han·nā·qî ḏam- wə·ṭō·wḇ lāḵ — 1008 CE · → chapter · 13
14
You must not move your neighbor’s boundary marker, which was set up by your ancestors [to mark] the inheritance you shall receive in the land that the LORD your God is giving you to possess.
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 14
Οὐ μετακινήσεις ὅρια τοῦ πλησίον ἃ ἔστησαν οἱ πατέρες σου ἐν τῇ κληρονομίᾳ ᾗ κατεκληρονομήθης ἐν τῇ γῇ ᾗ κύριος ὁ θεός σου δίδωσίν σοι ἐν κλήρῳ.
𐤋𐤀 𐤕𐤎𐤉𐤂 𐤓𐤏𐤊 𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤂𐤁𐤅𐤋 𐤂𐤁𐤋𐤅 𐤓𐤀𐤔𐤍𐤉𐤌 𐤁𐤍𐤇𐤋𐤕𐤊 𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤕𐤍𐤇𐤋 𐤁𐤀𐤓𐤑 𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤊 𐤍𐤕𐤍 𐤋𐤊 𐤋𐤓𐤔𐤕𐤄𐤎
לֹ֤א תַסִּיג֙ רֵֽעֲךָ֔ אֲשֶׁ֥ר גְּב֣וּל גָּבְל֖וּ רִאשֹׁנִ֑ים בְּנַחֲלָֽתְךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּנְחַ֔ל בָּאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לְךָ֖ לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃ס lō ṯas·sîḡ rê·‘ă·ḵā ’ă·šer gə·ḇūl gā·ḇə·lū ri·šō·nîm bə·na·ḥă·lā·ṯə·ḵā ’ă·šer tin·ḥal bā·’ā·reṣ ’ă·šer Yah·weh ’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā nō·ṯên lə·ḵā lə·riš·tāh — 1008 CE · → chapter · 14
The Testimony of Two or Three Witnesses
15
A lone witness is not sufficient to establish any wrongdoing [or] sin against a man, regardless of what offense he may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or… three… witnesses.
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 15
Οὐκ ἐμμενεῖ μάρτυς εἷς μαρτυρῆσαι κατὰ ἀνθρώπου κατὰ πᾶσαν ἀδικίαν καὶ κατὰ πᾶν ἁμάρτημα καὶ κατὰ πᾶσαν ἁμαρτίαν ἣν ἂν ἁμάρτῃ· ἐπὶ στόματος δύο μαρτύρων καὶ ἐπὶ στόματος τριῶν μαρτύρων στήσεται πᾶν ῥῆμα.
𐤀𐤇𐤃 𐤏𐤃 𐤋𐤀 𐤉𐤒𐤅𐤌 𐤋𐤊𐤋 𐤏𐤅𐤍 𐤅𐤋𐤊𐤋 𐤇𐤈𐤀𐤕 𐤁𐤀𐤉𐤔 𐤁𐤊𐤋 𐤇𐤈𐤀 𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤉𐤇𐤈𐤀 𐤃𐤁𐤓 𐤉𐤒𐤅𐤌 𐤏𐤋 𐤐𐤉 𐤔𐤍𐤉 𐤀𐤅 𐤏𐤋 𐤐𐤉 𐤔𐤋𐤔𐤄 𐤏𐤃𐤉𐤌 𐤏𐤃𐤉𐤌
אֶחָ֜ד עֵ֨ד לֹֽא־ יָקוּם֩ לְכָל־ עָוֺן֙ וּלְכָל־ חַטָּ֔את בְּאִ֗ישׁ בְּכָל־ חֵ֖טְא אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֶֽחֱטָ֑א דָּבָֽר׃ יָק֥וּם עַל־ פִּ֣י׀ שְׁנֵ֣י א֛וֹ עַל־ פִּ֥י שְׁלֹשָֽׁה־ עֵדִ֖ים עֵדִ֗ים ’e·ḥāḏ ‘êḏ lō- yā·qūm lə·ḵāl ‘ā·wōn ū·lə·ḵāl- ḥaṭ·ṭāṯ bə·’îš bə·ḵāl ḥêṭ ’ă·šer ye·ḥĕ·ṭā dā·ḇār yā·qūm ‘al- pî šə·nê ’ōw ‘al- pî šə·lō·šāh- ‘ê·ḏîm ‘ê·ḏîm — 1008 CE · → chapter · 15
16
If… a false witness testifies against someone, accusing him of a crime,
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 16
ἐὰν δὲ καταστῇ μάρτυς ἄδικος κατὰ ἀνθρώπου καταλέγων αὐτοῦ ἀσέβειαν,
𐤊𐤉 𐤉𐤒𐤅𐤌 𐤇𐤌𐤎 𐤏𐤃 𐤋𐤏𐤍𐤅𐤕 𐤁𐤅 𐤁𐤀𐤉𐤔 𐤎𐤓𐤄
כִּֽי־ יָק֥וּם חָמָ֖ס עֵד־ לַעֲנ֥וֹת בּ֖וֹ בְּאִ֑ישׁ סָרָֽה׃ kî- yā·qūm ḥā·mās ‘êḏ- la·‘ă·nō·wṯ bōw bə·’îš sā·rāh — 1008 CE · → chapter · 16
17
both parties to the dispute must stand in the presence of the LORD, before the priests and judges who are [in office] at that time.
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 17
καὶ καὶ γνώσονται οἱ δύο ἄνθρωποι οἷς ἐστιν αὐτοῖς ἡ ἀντιλογία ἔναντι κυρίου καὶ ἔναντι τῶν ἱερέων καὶ ἔναντι τῶν κριτῶν οι ἐὰν ὦσιν ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις,
𐤔𐤍𐤉 𐤄𐤀𐤍𐤔𐤉𐤌 𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤋𐤄𐤌 𐤄𐤓𐤉𐤁 𐤅𐤏𐤌𐤃𐤅 𐤋𐤐𐤍𐤉 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 𐤋𐤐𐤍𐤉 𐤄𐤊𐤄𐤍𐤉𐤌 𐤅𐤄𐤔𐤐𐤈𐤉𐤌 𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤉𐤄𐤉𐤅 𐤄𐤄𐤌 𐤁𐤉𐤌𐤉𐤌
שְׁנֵֽי־ הָאֲנָשִׁ֛ים אֲשֶׁר־ לָהֶ֥ם הָרִ֖יב וְעָמְד֧וּ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה לִפְנֵ֤י הַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ וְהַשֹּׁ֣פְטִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִהְי֖וּ הָהֵֽם׃ בַּיָּמִ֥ים šə·nê- hā·’ă·nā·šîm ’ă·šer- lā·hem hā·rîḇ wə·‘ā·mə·ḏū lip̄·nê Yah·weh lip̄·nê hak·kō·hă·nîm wə·haš·šō·p̄ə·ṭîm ’ă·šer yih·yū hā·hêm bay·yā·mîm — 1008 CE · → chapter · 17
18
The judges shall investigate thoroughly, and if the witness is proven to be a liar… who has falsely accused his brother,
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 18
καὶ ἐξετάσωσιν οἱ κριταὶ ἀκριβῶς, καὶ ἰδοὺ μάρτυς ἄδικος ἐμαρτύρησεν ἄδικα, ἀντέστη κατὰ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ.
𐤄𐤔𐤐𐤈𐤉𐤌 𐤅𐤃𐤓𐤔𐤅 𐤄𐤉𐤈𐤁 𐤅𐤄𐤍𐤄 𐤏𐤃 𐤔𐤒𐤓 𐤄𐤏𐤃 𐤔𐤒𐤓 𐤏𐤍𐤄 𐤁𐤀𐤇𐤉𐤅
הַשֹּׁפְטִ֖ים וְדָרְשׁ֥וּ הֵיטֵ֑ב וְהִנֵּ֤ה עֵֽד־ שֶׁ֙קֶר֙ הָעֵ֔ד שֶׁ֖קֶר עָנָ֥ה בְאָחִֽיו׃ haš·šō·p̄ə·ṭîm wə·ḏā·rə·šū hê·ṭêḇ wə·hin·nêh ‘êḏ- še·qer hā·‘êḏ še·qer ‘ā·nāh ḇə·’ā·ḥîw — 1008 CE · → chapter · 18
19
you must do to him as he intended to do to his brother. So you must purge the evil from among you.
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 19
καὶ ποιήσετε αὐτῷ ὃν τρόπον ἐπονηρεύσατο ποιῆσαι κατὰ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐξαρεῖς τὸν πονηρὸν ἐξ ὑμῶν
𐤅𐤏𐤔𐤉𐤕𐤌 𐤋𐤅 𐤊𐤀𐤔𐤓 𐤆𐤌𐤌 𐤋𐤏𐤔𐤅𐤕 𐤋𐤀𐤇𐤉𐤅 𐤅𐤁𐤏𐤓𐤕 𐤄𐤓𐤏 𐤌𐤒𐤓𐤁𐤊
וַעֲשִׂ֣יתֶם ל֔וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר זָמַ֖ם לַעֲשׂ֣וֹת לְאָחִ֑יו וּבִֽעַרְתָּ֥ הָרָ֖ע מִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ׃ wa·‘ă·śî·ṯem lōw ka·’ă·šer zā·mam la·‘ă·śō·wṯ lə·’ā·ḥîw ū·ḇi·‘ar·tā hā·rā‘ miq·qir·be·ḵā — 1008 CE · → chapter · 19
20
Then the rest [of the people] will hear and be afraid, and they will never again… do anything so evil among you.
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 20
καὶ οἱ ἐπίλοιποι ἀκούσαντες φοβηθήσονται, καὶ οὐ προσθήσουσιν ἔτι ποιῆσαι κατὰ τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο τὸ πονηρὸν ἐν ὑμῖν.
𐤅𐤄𐤍𐤔𐤀𐤓𐤉𐤌 𐤉𐤔𐤌𐤏𐤅 𐤅𐤉𐤓𐤀𐤅 𐤅𐤋𐤀 𐤉𐤎𐤐𐤅 𐤏𐤅𐤃 𐤋𐤏𐤔𐤅𐤕 𐤊𐤃𐤁𐤓 𐤄𐤆𐤄 𐤄𐤓𐤏 𐤁𐤒𐤓𐤁𐤊
וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִ֖ים יִשְׁמְע֣וּ וְיִרָ֑אוּ וְלֹֽא־ יֹסִ֨פוּ ע֗וֹד לַעֲשׂ֜וֹת כַּדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּ֖ה הָרָ֛ע בְּקִרְבֶּֽךָ׃ wə·han·niš·’ā·rîm yiš·mə·‘ū wə·yi·rā·’ū wə·lō- yō·si·p̄ū ‘ō·wḏ la·‘ă·śō·wṯ kad·dā·ḇār haz·zeh hā·rā‘ bə·qir·be·ḵā — 1008 CE · → chapter · 20
21
You must show no pity…: life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, [and] foot for foot.
c. 250 BCE · → chapter · 21
οὐ φείσεται ὁ ὀφθαλμός σου ἐπ’ αὐτῷ· ψυχὴν ἀντὶ ψυχῆς, ὀφθαλμὸν ἀντὶ ὀφθαλμοῦ, ὀδόντα ἀντὶ ὀδόντος, χεῖρα ἀντὶ χειρός, πόδα ἀντὶ ποδός.
𐤅𐤋𐤀 𐤕𐤇𐤅𐤎 𐤏𐤉𐤍𐤊 𐤍𐤐𐤔 𐤁𐤍𐤐𐤔 𐤏𐤉𐤍 𐤁𐤏𐤉𐤍 𐤔𐤍 𐤁𐤔𐤍 𐤉𐤃 𐤁𐤉𐤃 𐤓𐤂𐤋 𐤁𐤓𐤂𐤋𐤎
וְלֹ֥א תָח֖וֹס עֵינֶ֑ךָ נֶ֣פֶשׁ בְּנֶ֗פֶשׁ עַ֤יִן בְּעַ֙יִן֙ שֵׁ֣ן בְּשֵׁ֔ן יָ֥ד בְּיָ֖ד רֶ֥גֶל בְּרָֽגֶל׃ס wə·lō ṯā·ḥō·ws ‘ê·ne·ḵā ne·p̄eš bə·ne·p̄eš ‘a·yin bə·‘a·yin šên bə·šên yāḏ bə·yāḏ re·ḡel bə·rā·ḡel — 1008 CE · → chapter · 21